:root {
  --paper: #ffffff;
  --ink: #171714;
  --graphite: #66665f;
  --faint: #929289;
  --line: #e5e5e2;
  --line-strong: #cecec9;
  --signal: #e85d2a;
  --content: min(1120px, calc(100vw - 64px));
  --reading: min(720px, calc(100vw - 48px));
  --sans: Inter, ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
  --editorial: "Iowan Old Style", "Iowan Old Style BT", Charter, Georgia, serif;
  --serif: var(--sans);
  --mono: var(--sans);
}

* { box-sizing: border-box; }

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  scroll-padding-top: 80px;
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  background: var(--paper);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
}

a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration-color: color-mix(in srgb, currentColor 34%, transparent);
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}

a:hover { color: var(--signal); text-decoration-color: currentColor; }

a:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--signal);
  outline-offset: 4px;
}

::selection {
  color: var(--ink);
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--signal) 25%, transparent);
}

.skip-link {
  position: fixed;
  z-index: 100;
  top: 10px;
  left: 10px;
  padding: 7px 11px;
  color: var(--paper);
  background: var(--ink);
  transform: translateY(-160%);
}

.skip-link:focus { transform: translateY(0); }

.visually-hidden {
  position: absolute;
  width: 1px;
  height: 1px;
  padding: 0;
  margin: -1px;
  overflow: hidden;
  clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
  white-space: nowrap;
  border: 0;
}

.site-header,
.site-footer {
  width: var(--content);
  margin-inline: auto;
}

.site-header {
  min-height: 72px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: flex-end;
  gap: 32px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.site-header nav,
.footer-links,
.home-links,
.paper-links,
.profile-links {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 26px;
}

.site-header nav a,
.footer-links a {
  color: var(--graphite);
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 500;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.site-header nav a:hover,
.site-header nav a[aria-current="page"] { color: var(--ink); }

.site-header nav a[aria-current="page"] {
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: var(--ink);
  text-underline-offset: 5px;
}

.minimal-home {
  min-height: calc(100svh - 72px);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 80px 24px 112px;
}

.minimal-home-copy {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 720px;
}

.home-name {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font: 400 clamp(42px, 5vw, 56px) / 1.05 var(--editorial);
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
}

.home-status {
  width: 100%;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 12px;
  margin: 24px 0 46px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.3;
}

.home-status span {
  border-radius: 999px;
  padding: 7px 10px;
  color: var(--graphite);
  background: #f3f3f1;
  font: 600 10px/1 var(--sans);
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
}

.home-status a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.home-status a:hover { color: var(--signal); }

.minimal-home p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font: 400 20px/1.62 var(--editorial);
  letter-spacing: -0.012em;
}

.minimal-home p + p { margin-top: 25px; }

.home-links {
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  margin-top: 40px;
}

.home-links a,
.paper-links a,
.profile-links a,
.back-link {
  color: var(--ink);
  font: 500 12px/1.4 var(--mono);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.home-links a:hover,
.paper-links a:hover,
.profile-links a:hover,
.back-link:hover { color: var(--signal); }

.home-background {
  width: var(--reading);
  margin-inline: auto;
  padding: 104px 0 120px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.home-background .section-label { margin: 0; }

.home-background-copy { margin-top: 30px; }

.home-background-copy p {
  margin: 0;
  font: 400 18px/1.7 var(--editorial);
}

.home-background-copy p + p { margin-top: 24px; }

.home-timeline { margin-top: 42px; }

.profile-links {
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  margin-top: 42px;
  padding-top: 24px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.profile-links a {
  color: var(--ink);
  font: 500 12px/1.4 var(--sans);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.research-project {
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: 18px;
  margin: 38px 0 0;
  padding-top: 18px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.research-project span {
  flex: 0 0 auto;
  color: var(--faint);
  font: 600 10px/1.4 var(--sans);
  letter-spacing: 0.07em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.research-project a { text-decoration: none; }

.document-page,
.paper-page {
  width: var(--reading);
  margin-inline: auto;
  padding: 108px 0 128px;
}

.page-kicker,
.section-label,
.paper-meta {
  color: var(--faint);
  font: 600 11px/1.3 var(--mono);
  letter-spacing: 0.09em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.document-page h1,
.paper-page h1 {
  margin: 22px 0 0;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(40px, 5vw, 52px);
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: -0.04em;
  line-height: 1.06;
}

.page-intro {
  margin: 34px 0 0;
  color: var(--graphite);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 19px;
  line-height: 1.62;
}

.contact-page { min-height: calc(100svh - 172px); }

.contact-form-heading {
  color: var(--faint);
  font: 600 10px/1.4 var(--mono);
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.contact-form {
  margin-top: 52px;
  padding-top: 26px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.contact-form-heading { margin: 0 0 26px; }

.contact-honeypot {
  position: absolute;
  width: 1px;
  height: 1px;
  overflow: hidden;
  clip-path: inset(50%);
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.contact-form-row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 24px;
}

.contact-form label {
  display: block;
}

.contact-form > label { margin-top: 34px; }

.contact-form label > span {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 9px;
  color: var(--faint);
  font: 600 10px/1.4 var(--mono);
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.contact-form input,
.contact-form textarea {
  width: 100%;
  border: 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
  border-radius: 0;
  padding: 9px 0 12px;
  color: var(--ink);
  background: transparent;
  font: 400 17px/1.55 var(--editorial);
  appearance: none;
}

.contact-form textarea {
  min-height: 128px;
  resize: vertical;
}

.contact-form input::placeholder,
.contact-form textarea::placeholder { color: var(--faint); opacity: 0.8; }

.contact-form input:focus,
.contact-form textarea:focus {
  outline: 0;
  border-bottom-color: var(--ink);
}

.contact-form-actions {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 20px;
  margin-top: 28px;
}

.contact-form button {
  border: 1px solid var(--ink);
  padding: 10px 15px;
  color: var(--paper);
  background: var(--ink);
  font: 600 11px/1.4 var(--sans);
  cursor: pointer;
}

.contact-form button:hover { border-color: var(--signal); background: var(--signal); }

.contact-form button:disabled {
  cursor: wait;
  opacity: 0.55;
}

.contact-form button:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--signal);
  outline-offset: 4px;
}

.contact-form-status {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--graphite);
  font-size: 12px;
}

.contact-alternative {
  margin: 30px 0 0;
  color: var(--faint);
  font-size: 12px;
}

.contact-alternative a {
  color: var(--graphite);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.contact-alternative a:hover { color: var(--signal); }

.document-section {
  margin-top: 80px;
  padding-top: 22px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.document-section h2 {
  margin: 24px 0 0;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 29px;
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  line-height: 1.15;
}

.document-section > p:not(.section-label),
.bio-copy p,
.paper-body p {
  margin: 24px 0 0;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.7;
}

.principles-intro {
  margin-top: 34px;
  color: var(--graphite);
  font: 400 19px/1.62 var(--serif);
}

.principles-intro p { margin: 0; }
.principles-intro p + p { margin-top: 20px; }

.principles-list {
  margin: 72px 0 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
  counter-reset: principle;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.principles-list > li {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 42px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 18px;
  padding: 34px 0 38px;
  counter-increment: principle;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.principles-list > li::before {
  content: counter(principle, decimal-leading-zero);
  padding-top: 5px;
  color: var(--faint);
  font: 500 10px/1.4 var(--mono);
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
}

.principles-list h2 {
  margin: 0;
  font: 400 27px/1.2 var(--serif);
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
}

.principles-list p {
  margin: 14px 0 0;
  font: 400 17px/1.72 var(--serif);
}

.principles-list p + p { margin-top: 17px; }

.principles-updated {
  margin: 28px 0 0;
  color: var(--faint);
  font: 400 11px/1.5 var(--mono);
}

.paper-index {
  margin: 30px 0 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.paper-index li { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }

.paper-index a {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 52px minmax(0, 1fr) auto;
  gap: 20px;
  padding: 23px 0 25px;
  color: var(--ink);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.paper-index a:hover { color: var(--ink); }

.paper-index time {
  padding-top: 3px;
  color: var(--faint);
  font: 400 12px/1.4 var(--mono);
}

.paper-index-copy {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 5px;
}

.paper-index strong {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 19px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: -0.014em;
  line-height: 1.3;
}

.paper-index-copy span {
  color: var(--graphite);
  font-size: 13px;
}

.paper-index .arrow {
  color: var(--faint);
  font-family: var(--mono);
  transition: transform 150ms ease, color 150ms ease;
}

.paper-index a:hover .arrow {
  color: var(--signal);
  transform: translateX(3px);
}

.text-link {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-top: 28px;
  font: 500 12px/1.4 var(--mono);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.fact-list,
.timeline {
  margin: 28px 0 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.fact-list li,
.timeline li {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 118px 1fr;
  gap: 24px;
  padding: 18px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.fact-list span,
.timeline span {
  color: var(--faint);
  font: 400 11px/1.5 var(--mono);
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.fact-list p,
.timeline p { margin: 0; color: var(--graphite); font-size: 14px; }
.timeline strong { display: block; color: var(--ink); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 17px; font-weight: 500; }

.paper-page { padding-top: 76px; }
.back-link { display: inline-block; margin-bottom: 70px; }
.paper-meta { margin: 0; }
.paper-page h1 { max-width: 680px; }

.paper-authors {
  margin: 28px 0 0;
  color: var(--graphite);
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.project-deck {
  max-width: 600px;
  margin: 26px 0 0;
  color: var(--graphite);
  font: 400 20px/1.55 var(--serif);
}

.paper-links {
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  margin-top: 26px;
}

.paper-figure {
  margin: 58px 0 0;
}

.paper-figure img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}

.paper-figure figcaption {
  margin-top: 13px;
  color: var(--faint);
  font: 400 11px/1.55 var(--sans);
}

.project-system {
  margin: 58px 0 0;
}

.project-system-flow {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) auto minmax(0, 1fr) auto minmax(0, 1fr);
  align-items: stretch;
  gap: 12px;
}

.project-system-step {
  min-height: 184px;
  padding: 20px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.project-system-step span {
  display: block;
  color: var(--faint);
  font: 600 9px/1.4 var(--mono);
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.project-system-step strong {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 26px;
  font: 500 16px/1.3 var(--serif);
}

.project-system-step p {
  margin: 9px 0 0;
  color: var(--graphite);
  font-size: 12px;
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.project-system-arrow {
  align-self: center;
  color: var(--faint);
  font: 400 16px/1 var(--mono);
}

.project-system figcaption {
  margin-top: 13px;
  color: var(--faint);
  font: 400 11px/1.55 var(--sans);
}

.paper-body {
  margin-top: 68px;
  padding-top: 24px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.paper-figure + .paper-body { margin-top: 46px; }

.paper-body section + section { margin-top: 54px; }
.paper-body .section-label { margin: 0 0 18px; }
.paper-body p { margin-top: 0; }

.article-page h1 { max-width: 720px; }

.article-deck {
  margin: 26px 0 0;
  color: var(--graphite);
  font: 400 20px/1.55 var(--serif);
}

.article-byline {
  margin: 24px 0 0;
  color: var(--faint);
  font: 400 11px/1.5 var(--mono);
}

.article-body {
  margin-top: 66px;
  padding-top: 26px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  font: 400 18px/1.72 var(--serif);
}

.article-body p { margin: 0 0 28px; }

.article-body h2 {
  margin: 64px 0 24px;
  font-size: 31px;
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  line-height: 1.15;
}

.article-list {
  margin: 40px 0 0;
  padding-left: 24px;
}

.article-list li { padding-left: 8px; }
.article-list li + li { margin-top: 34px; }
.article-list strong { display: block; margin-bottom: 7px; }

.site-footer {
  min-height: 100px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 24px;
  color: var(--faint);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  font-size: 11px;
}

.site-footer p { margin: 0; }

@media (max-width: 640px) {
  :root {
    --content: calc(100vw - 32px);
    --reading: calc(100vw - 40px);
  }

  .site-header { min-height: 64px; }
  .site-header nav { gap: 13px; }
  .site-header nav a { font-size: 11px; }

  .minimal-home {
    align-items: flex-start;
    min-height: auto;
    padding: 78px 20px 100px;
  }

  .home-name { font-size: 40px; }
  .home-status { margin: 24px 0 42px; font-size: 11px; }
  .minimal-home p { font-size: 18px; }
  .home-links { gap: 18px; margin-top: 34px; }
  .home-background { padding: 76px 0 92px; }
  .research-project { align-items: flex-start; }
  .home-background-copy { margin-top: 32px; }
  .home-background-copy p { font-size: 17px; }
  .profile-links { gap: 18px; margin-top: 34px; }

  .document-page,
  .paper-page { padding: 76px 0 96px; }
  .document-page h1,
  .paper-page h1 { font-size: 38px; }
  .project-deck { font-size: 18px; }
  .page-intro { font-size: 18px; }
  .contact-form { margin-top: 44px; }
  .contact-form-row { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 28px; }
  .contact-form > label { margin-top: 28px; }
  .contact-form input,
  .contact-form textarea { font-size: 16px; }
  .contact-form-actions { align-items: flex-start; flex-direction: column; gap: 12px; }
  .principles-intro { font-size: 18px; }
  .principles-list { margin-top: 58px; }
  .principles-list > li {
    grid-template-columns: 30px minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 10px;
    padding: 28px 0 31px;
  }
  .principles-list h2 { font-size: 24px; }
  .principles-list p { font-size: 16px; }
  .document-section { margin-top: 64px; }
  .document-section h2 { font-size: 27px; }
  .document-section > p:not(.section-label),
  .bio-copy p,
  .paper-body p { font-size: 17px; }

  .paper-index a { grid-template-columns: 42px minmax(0, 1fr) auto; gap: 11px; }
  .paper-index strong { font-size: 17px; }
  .fact-list li,
  .timeline li { grid-template-columns: 88px 1fr; gap: 14px; }
  .back-link { margin-bottom: 54px; }
  .paper-figure { margin-top: 44px; }
  .paper-figure figcaption { font-size: 10px; }
  .project-system { margin-top: 44px; }
  .project-system-flow { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 10px; }
  .project-system-step { min-height: 0; padding: 18px; }
  .project-system-step strong { margin-top: 18px; }
  .project-system-arrow { justify-self: center; transform: rotate(90deg); }
  .project-system figcaption { font-size: 10px; }
  .paper-body { margin-top: 54px; }
  .paper-figure + .paper-body { margin-top: 38px; }
  .article-deck { font-size: 18px; }
  .article-body { font-size: 17px; }
  .article-body h2 { font-size: 28px; }
  .footer-links { gap: 14px; }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
  .paper-index .arrow { transition: none; }
}